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health system
A health system, also sometimes referred to as health care system or healthcare system, is the organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of target populations.
There is a wide variety of health systems around the world, with as many histories and organizational structures as there are nations. Implicitly, nations must design and develop health systems in accordance with their needs and resources, although common elements in virtually all health systems are primary health care and public health measures.〔White F. Primary health care and public health: foundations of universal health systems. Med Princ Pract 2015;24:103-116. 〕 In some countries, health system planning is distributed among market participants. In others, there is a concerted effort among governments, trade unions, charities, religious organizations, or other co-ordinated bodies to deliver planned health care services targeted to the populations they serve. However, health care planning has been described as often evolutionary rather than revolutionary.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Health care system'' )〕〔(''New Yorker'' magazine article: "Getting there from here." ) 26 Jan 2009〕
==Goals==
The World Health Organization (WHO), the directing and coordinating authority for health within the United Nations system, is promoting a goal of universal health care: to ensure that all people obtain the health services they need without suffering financial hardship when paying for them. According to WHO, health care systems' goals are good health for the citizens, responsiveness to the expectations of the population, and fair means of funding operations. Progress towards them depends on how systems carry out four vital functions: provision of health care services, resource generation, financing, and stewardship.〔World Health Organization. (2000). ''World Health Report 2000 – Health systems: improving performance.'' Geneva, WHO http://www.who.int/whr/2000/en/index.html〕 Other dimensions for the evaluation of health systems include quality, efficiency, acceptability, and equity.〔 They have also been described in the United States as "the five C's": Cost, Coverage, Consistency, Complexity, and Chronic Illness.〔(Remarks by Johns Hopkins University President William Brody: "Health Care '08: What's Promised/What's Possible?" ) 7 Sept 2007〕 Also, continuity of health care is a major goal.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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